Prof. (Dr.) Karuna Roy M.D. (Homoeopathy)
Abstract: – The blood group may affect brain function. When we study blood group, we see there are various system of blood group, but most important two are ABO system and Rh system. According to these two systems, blood groups are A +ve, A-ve, B +ve, B –ve, AB +ve, AB-ve, O +ve and O-ve. This is one of the ways to reach the human mind. As a teaching faculty of the Department of Physiology, every year we see hundred new students, in our Physiology laboratory. We test blood groups as per our demand of syllabus, but in every year blood groups and students behaviour gives some impression in my mind, which is express in this article.
Keywords: Blood groups-ABO system and Rh system-Karl-landsteiner-agglutinogens-agglutinins-mental symptoms correspond with blood group.
Abbreviations: > amelioration, % Percentage
Introduction:
Knowledge of blood group is essential or not, this question remind us in some clinical condition where blood transfusion is essential, it must be ensure that donor’s blood matches perfectly with the blood of the recipient, otherwise there will be mismatching between these two (donor’s and recipient’s) blood which may cause even death[1]. The membranes of human red cells contain a variety of blood group antigens, called agglutinogens. Presence or absence of various antigens on cell membrane, blood is categorized into different blood groups.
GIST OF BLOOD GROUPS:
Definition: Blood groups are one of the classifications of blood, based on the presence or absence of antigen on the surface of the red blood cells.
Systems of blood group: On the RBC membranes several classes of antigens are present. More than 20 genetically determined blood group systems are known today. [2] For clinical purposes 2 systems are most important that are determine before blood transfusion as –1) ABO system and 2) RH system. Both the systems were discovered by Karl Landsteiner of Germany, the ABO system in 1900 and the Rh system in 1940[3].
ABO system: In this system, the cell membrane of RBC contains agglutinogen. There are two such agglutinogens (antigen) A and B, and there are two corresponding agglutinins (antibody) alpha (Anti-A) and beta (Anti-B) present in plasma. So that human beings, according to ABO system, can be divided into 4 groups.
Blood group based on agglutinogens: [4]
- Persons whose RBC membrane contains ‘A’ agglutinogen. Such persons are of blood group A.
- Similarly some persons have ‘B’ agglutinogen in their RBC membrane; they are of blood group B.
- Some persons have, both ‘A’ and ‘B’ agglutinogens in their RBC membraneand are of AB blood group.
- Some persons have no agglutinogen in their RBC membrane and are of O blood group.
Agglutinins of different blood groups
Similarly, the serum contain only alpha or only beta or both alpha and beta or no agglutinins. Landsteiner Law state that particular agglutinogen (antigen) is present in the RBC, corresponding agglutinin (antibody) must be absent in the serum. [5]
- Blood group A cannot have Anti –A, Anti- B present
- Blood group B cannot have Anti –B, Anti –A present.
- In AB blood group no agglutinins
- Blood group O have both agglutinins , Anti –A ,Anti- B present in his or her plasma.
RH system :
- The persons having D antigen are called Rh +ve.
- Those without D antigen are called Rh negative.
- 85% of people are Rh positive 15% are Rh negative.[6]
- Agglutinins of ABO system occurs naturally, that is without being expose to the corresponding antigen (agglutinogen). But Rh antibodies are not naturally occurring. Rh antibodies appear only when in a Rh – ve person`s blood, RH +ve RBCs enter, i.e., the Rh –ve person`s is exposed to Rh +ve blood’[7]
MENTAL PICTURE OF DIFFERENT BLOOD GROUP: [8]
Mental symptoms correspondents with respected Blood Group are discuss under following table:
| BLOOD GROUP | MENTAL SYMPTOMS |
| ‘O’ |
|
| ‘A’ |
|
| ‘B’ |
|
| ‘AB’ |
|
Most commonly applied medicine for different blood groups:
| BLOOD GROUP: | MEDICINES: |
| ‘A’ blood group: | Calc, Cina, Cham, Nit. ac, Nux. vom, Ign. |
| ‘B’ blood group: | Agar, Ars. alb, Bell, Bry. alb, Chin, Hep, Psor, Sulph, Plat, Puls . |
| ‘AB’ blood group: | Iod, Nux. Vom, Puls, Ars.alb, Anac. |
| ‘O’ blood group: | Acon, Ant. C, Ars. alb, Arg.n, Aur, Calc, Caust, Chin, Graph, Ign, Lach, Lac.c, Lyc, Nat. c, Nat.m, Nat. s, Nit.ac, Phos, Psor, Puls, Rhus. t, Sep. |
INDICATION OF SOME MEDICINES:
Chamomilla:
- Chamomilla is sensitive, irritable, thirsty, hot and numb.[9]
- Extremely sensitive to every pain. [10]
- Mental calmness contraindicates chamomilla [11].
- Pains unendurable, associated with numbness.[12]
- Child can only be quiet when carried about and petted constantly. [13]
Nitric acid:
- Irritable, headstrong, hateful, vindictive, ill willed, unmoved by apologies. [114]
- Pains are sticking, pricking as from splinters, suddenly appearing and disappearing,[15]
- All discharges very offensive, especially urine, faeces and perspiration.[16]
- Old people with great weakness and diarrhea.[17]
Calcaria Carb:
- Disposed to grow fat, corpulent, unwieldy. [18]
- Head sweats profusely while sleeping, wetting pillow far around. [19]
- Feels better in every way when constipated. [20]
- The least mental excitement causes profuse return of menstrual flow. [21]
Arsenicum Abum:
- Mentally restless, but physically too weak to move. [22]
- Great anguish and restlessness, changes place continually. [23]
- Fear of death of being left alone. [24]
- Burning pain, the affected parts burn like fire.> by heat. [25]
- Great prostration. [26]
Pulsatilla Nigricans:
- Weeps easily. [27]
- Feels better by consolation.[28]
- Symptoms ever changing.[29]
- Thirstlessness with nearly all complains. [30]
CONCLUSION:
Now a day most of the person knows their blood group, it is essential also. If a physician know blood group of the patient, may utilize these knowledge during case taking and easily find out the mental symptoms of the patient, which help him in the formation of perfect ‘Totality of Symptoms’ for the selection of a remedy.
Bibliography:
- Sujit K. Chaudhuri Concise Medical Physiology. New central book agency(P) LTD. Fifth edition 2004.[1,3,4,7]
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- H.C.Allen Allen’s key notes Rearranged and classified with leading Remedies of the Materia Medica and Bowel Nosodes including Repertorial Index. B Jain publishers (P) Ltd. Tenth Edition.[14,15,17,18,19,20,21,22,24,26,27,28,29,30]
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- https://www.scientificamerican.com [8]
- http://www.shutterstock.com [Image1, 2, 3]
Prof. (Dr.) Karuna Roy B.H.M.S (N.I.H. Govt. of India), M.D (Homoeopathy, WBUHS)
HOD, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry.
NHC&RI, Junagadh, (Gujarat)
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