Potassium group of Homoeopathic remedies–a review

Dr Rasina Farsath KP

Mineral

• The word kali  is  derived from  Arabic(kali)  meaning  ‘ash’.
• Obtained from wood ashes and  remains of  burnt vegetable
• Normal level  of  k+  in  body 3.55mEq/L

Properties

• 7th most abundant element.
• 45% of earths crust and 35% of body.
• Silvery white in colour.
• Soft in consistency.
• Alkaline in nature.

Discovery

• Isolated  by sir  Humpry  Davy  (1808) by  electrolysis of  potassium  hydroxide
• First  alkali  metal  to  be  isolated

PRODUCTION:

• Potassium can  be  produced by electrolytic  processes, Electrolysis of molten  KCL

ROLE OF ‘K’ IN Maintaining HEALH

• One of the electrolyte essential for the normal functioning of the body.
• Maintain fluid balance(water regulation and colloidal state of organism)
• Regulation of protein and nucleic acid synthesis.
• Found in the cells of muscles, tendons and nerves.
• Helps in nerve conduction.
• Control’s heartbeats.
• Helps in maintaining acid-base balance.
• Blood potassium level : 3.5-5.0 mmol/L

SOURCE

• Total body potassium
• Male – 47 meq / kg
• Female – 41 meq / kg

DOCTRINE OF SIGNATURE

• High melting point of potassium reflects itself as: Kali personalities maintain their principles, rigid, stubborn (rubric: Obstinate) and hard to please.
• Atomic structure of potassium “body centred cubic”: Kali personalities are centered to their body i.e. extremely anxious and fearful about their health (Fear of disease;hypochondriasis)

HYPOKALEMIA

CAUSES

• Decreased intake
• Redistribution into cells
• Increased loss

CLINICAL FEATURES

• Impaired contractility of Heart muscles.
• Necrosis of Heart muscle
• Kidney hypertrophy.
• Growth retardation
• Loss of hair
• Impaired striated muscle functioning, with weakness & effecting respiratory muscles.
• Chronic hypokalemia causes formation of vacuoles in cytoplasm of both proximal and distal corticotubular cells causing irreversible and progressive interstitial nephritis with consequent renal failure.

HYPERKALEMIA

CAUSES

• Renal failure.
• Decreased distal flow
• Decreased K+ secretion.
• Impaired Na reabsorption
• Primary hypoaldosteronism
• Adrenal insufficiency
• Secondory hypoaldosteronism
• Drugs
• Resistance to Aldosterone
• Pseudohypoaldosteronism,

CLINICAL FEATURES

• Cardiac arrhythmia
• Depolarization of cell membrane which Leads to impaired membrane excitability & manifest as weakness which can progress to flaccid paralysis &hypoventilation if respiratory muscles involved
• Cardiac toxicity.
• Wide spread intra-cardiac block.

Remedies of kali group

SPHERE OF ACTION

• Clarke says,  “Potassium salts  have  more  specific  relation  to  the  solid  tissues rather  to  the  fluids  of  the  body;  to  the  blood  corpuscles rather  than  to  the blood    The  fibrous tissues  are  particularly  affected, the  ligaments  of joints,  of  the  uterus, of  the  back. It  corresponds to  the  conditions in  which  these  tissues  are  relaxed joints  give  way;  the  back  feels  as  if  broken; the patient  feels  compelled  to  lie  down  in  the  street.”

A.Farrington :  Potash particularly carbonates, acts primarily on the muscles.this accounts for the general weakness which belongs to all potash preperations.

• KALI
• Most of the remedies of Kali group Mainly affects on,
• CNS
• Muscles
• GIT
• Mucous membrane
• Respiratory system
• Reproductive system
• Skin
• Glands
• Bones
• Kali salts are valuable in rheumatic and gouty states of wandering nature.
• Kali iod. affecting more the lymphatic and glandular system like Iodum.
• All Kalis, mainly Kali bi. affecting the mucous membranes everywhere, the fibrous tissues and ligaments and the eyes, nose and fauces particularly, causing deep ulcerations and destructions.
• Kali iod affecting all sites stated above and more the bones, periosteum, and the glands with similar effects.
• Kali brom acts chiefly upon nerves of the brain and spine causing cerebral irritation and anaemia developing acute mania, insomnia, epilepsy and other related states.
• Kali phos producing condition such as results from nerve exhaustion and those due to blood conditions as gangrene, typhoid states etc.
• Kali sulph has a group of symptoms like Pulsatilla< evening, intolerance of heat >motion; thick yellow-greenish pus and a group of symptoms like Sulphur such as hurried in work, irritability, skin symptoms, <warmth, warmth of bed, sinking of the epigastrium, faintness etc.

Constitution

• Potassium constitutions are heavily built. They are stout and robust. All Kali remedies are prone to tendency to gain weight and have premature old look.
• Kali bich  :    Fat,  light haired  persons .  Fat,  chubby, short necked children .
• Kali  brom  :    persons  inclined  to  obesity;  acts  better  in children than  in  adults
• Kali carb  :  fleshy and flabby with lax  fibre,  inclined  to  obesity
• Causticum- Dark haired persons with  rigid  fibre  most affected.  Children with black  hair  and

Thermal

• CHILLY and sensitive to cold. >warmth
• Except: Kali sulph and Kal iodide

TEMPERMENT

• Kali phos is choleric.

MIASM

• Predominantly psoric
• Kali carb – psora
• Kali ars – psora
• Kali phos – psora
• Kali bich & Kali iod – syphilitic
• Anti-syphylitic.

DIATHESIS

• Rheumatic and gouty

Common characteristics

• Oversensitive, weakness of memory, irritable, forgetful, anxious, fearful.
• Dutifull and reserve
• Tendency to weight gain.
• Weakness of body.
• Sensitive to cold(chilly)
• Early morning aggravation(2-4am)
• Complaints< cold, motion> warmth.
• Stitching pain < lying on affected side.
• Desire sweet, aversion to meat.
• Periodicity of complaints.
• Paralysis and convulsions.
• Discharge- copious and yellowish
• Dropsical tendency and heart affections.
• Rheumatic and gouty complaints.

COMMON Mental GENERALS

• Strong PRINCIPLED
• Strong SENSE OF Duty
• Strictly FOLLOWS Routine
• SERIOUS AND SINCERE
• STRONG SENSE OF VALUES
• STRONG MENTAL CONTROL(MIND RULES EMOTIONS)
• Persons are closed ,reserved,rigid and very proper.
• They are materialistically minded,they accept traditional values.
• They are closed into their own world.they neither seek nor need company.they have emotions,but they do not show them.
• He is focused on his own field.
• They are family oriented .
• They are duty conscious.

RAJAN SHANKARAN

• KALI CARB:Fear or being alone and desire for company.Entire life revolves around their family-integrity of family, health of family members,the amount of support they get from the family,etc. Not getting enough support – become irritable and quarrelsome ( shrinking at triffles). Quarrels with his family,Quarrels with his bread and butter.
• KALI ARS:They cannot trust people on whom they depend and whise support they seek.He feels as if his family or group is out to cheat him,rob him. Becomes extreme suspicious.
• KALI BICH: The main feeling is that they are expected to perform in the area of work or job or relationship etc for the family that they are dependent on. Being hurt / injured by their family. Extremely reserved.
• KALI BROM:Delusion impression of danger from his own family ( only remedy).Feeling that the people or the family on whom you depend (kali) will attack or harm you(brom).
• KALI FLOUR:Kali is steady and dependable in his relationship,while fluor wants to break off his relaions.
• KALI IOD: feeling is sudden threat (iodum)from their own family on whom they depend..
• KALI NitRICUM: feeling of danger or threat to their family or spouse whose support.

WEAKNESS OF MEMORY

• Kali brom : Loss of memory, forgets how to talk,had  to be told the word before he could speak.(Amnesic aphasia) absolute loss of memory associated with melancholy.
• Kali phos : Weak memory. Forgetful. Cannot recall words. Dullness of senses.
• Kali silicatum : children cannot learn .Difficult concentration of mind. Dullness of mind when reading and writing; in the morning on waking. Memory very feeble
• Kali sulph: Concentration of mind difficult, and want of self-confidence. Confusion in the evening and in the morning, in a warm room, ameliorated in open air. (k)
• Kali bich : Great weakness of memory.
• Kali iod :absentmindedness.
• Caust . : Any attempt to mental labour causes stitches in temple.when
• reading and writing feeling of tension in head and scalp.(f)

Indifference

• Kali ars : he is very fretful and dislikes to answer questions. Indifferent to everything, scarcely answered questions addressed to her, or replied to them in a peevish tone.
• Kali carb: patient does not seem to care for anything.indiffence associated with great bodily exhaustion.
• Kali bi: Indifferent or low spirited after least annoyance, with distress in stomach.ill humored.
• Kali phos : Indifference to surroundings, to joy and to her family. Indifference to his business matters.Aversion to answering questions.
• Kali silicatum. :indifferent to his friends and to (k)

Oversensitive

• Kali ars: Oversensitive to noises, and especially to human voices. Trembling from noise or sudden unexpected motion(k)
• Kali carb: Oversensitive to everything, sensitive to every atmospheric change; sensitive to every draft of air and to the circulation of air in the room. Hypersensitive to touch,noise,pain
• Kali brom: Becomes startled; great tendency to start when touched, esp. on feet(c). Oversensitive to external impressions (f)
• Kali phos: The oversensitive, nervous, delicate persons.he starts on being touched ever so lightly or some sudden noise as from banging of the doors.

• Kali Iod : extreme sensitiveness of the parts affected.
• Kali silicatum: oversensitive to noises,touch
• Kali sulph: oversensitive to noise.

Irritable

• Kali carb: irritable to the very highest degree, quarrels with his family and with his bread and butter.(k)
• Kali Brom: irritability expressed as nervous, cannot sleep > when engaged at some work(f)
• Kali iod .: there is a very strong degree of irritability, cruelty and harshness of temper. He is harsh with his family and with his children; abusive.
• Kali phos : the irritability is very marked, in morning on waking, in the evening, after coition, during headache, during menses, when spoken to.
• Kali silicatum : Extremely irritable; worse in morning and evening; worse after coition; worse from any attempt to console him.
• Kali sulph: Very irritable in the morning on waking, in the evening and during menses.easily angered, obstinate. (k)
• Kali mur: irritable and angry,at triffles.

Anxiety

• Kali ars : anxiety even to great anguish,with great fear <evening and night.
• anxiety without cause.anxious about health.Wakens during the night with anxiety and fear.(k)
• Kali carb: Anxiety felt in the stomach, as though it were a fear. (F)
• Kali Phos : Apprehensive anxiety, in the evening in bed, and during the night; anxiety after eating, about the future, about his health, about his salvation.(k)
• Kali sulph : Anxiety in evening in bed, during the night and on waking. (K)
• Kali bich : anxiety arising from chest,anthropophobia.

Fear

Kali carb: He never wants to be alone, is full of fear and imaginations when alone, “fear of the future, fear of death, fear of ghosts”.If compelled to remain alone in the house he is wakeful, sleepless, or his sleep is full of horrible dreams. He is never at peace, is full of imaginations and fear .(k)

Causticum : fearful particularly in evening,at twilight,when shadows grows longer.at every turn there is fear that something is going to happen. Fear of death, fear that something will happen to his family. Always anticipating some dreadful event.

Kali ars : He fears to go to bed. He fears death or a crowd of people, yet equally dreads being alone. Fear that something will happen. Fear of people.

Kali brom : Frightful imaginings at night, Night terrors of children.

Kali sulph: Fear at night of death, of falling, and of people.(k)

Kali silicatum: fear with anxiety.

Kali phos:fear of crowd,death,.etc

RUBRICS

• Evening- caust.kali-ar,kali carb,kali iod,kali phos
• alone ,of being – Kali carb,kali phos, kaki brom,kali-ar
• Disease, of impending-kali –c, kali-p,kali-tel
• Children in(caust), at night – Kali phos
• Evil,of – Kali iod, caust, kali ars, kali carb,kali-p
• Happens something bad will – causticum,kali-ar,kali-brom,kalipho

COMMON CHARACTERISTIC PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS

Weakness

• Weakness is manifested in mental, physical and sexual sphere
• Weakness of memory
• Weakness of muscles,joints, circulatory weakness
• weakness from anemia, during labor, after coition
• General weakness – Kali ars, Kali carb,Kali ferrocyan,Kali phos (3),caust(2)

Anemia in – Kali carb

Coition after – Kali carb, Kali phos, Kali sulph

Delivery during – Kali carb, Kali phos

Emissions after – Kali Brom,Kali carb(2)

Joints of – Kali carb

Perspiration from – causticum

Weariness

Kali phos (3)

• Kali carb: weakness of back, back giving out, wants to lie down, weakness following labour or abortion, weakness and faintness in chest especially when walking , weakness and exhaustion grows in intensity results in a state of paralysis..
• Causticum : paralytic weakness. Involuntary urination. Weakness of laryngeal muscles causes aphonia. Gradual decrease of muscular power, a paralysis. great lassitude, muscular relaxation, indescribable fatigue and heaviness of the body.
• Kali ars : weakness of body and limbs. Greatest  of that of lower  limbs .He is so weak he cannot sit up in bed(k)
• Kali bich : feeling of great weakness and weariness.when pain has passed off,if in the limbs,the limbs felt very weary.Prolapse uteri .Kali sulph: heaviness of limbs and weariness of the body .wants to lie down,but lying in bed aggravates.must walk about , sluggishness of body and lack of physical irritability.Kali silicatum: lassitude very marked and constant desire to lie down all the time.after straining weakness lasts long.weakness more in the morning and evening.Kali ars : weakness of body and limbs.suffocative feeling when ascending
• Kali hypophos : great muscular debility with phosphaturia.
• Kali silicicum : Lassitude is very marked. Desire to lie down all the time.

SENSITIVE TO COLD

• Most of the Kalis are chilly according to Gibson Millers classification, but this depends on the component element. Exception- Hot (Kali-i. , Kali-s)
• Great sensitivity towards cold from circulatory weakness.extremities easily chilled, easily become numb,skin ,cold.
• easily chilled
• Aggravation in cold open air
• Coldness in single parts, neuralgia with pain in cold parts,by application of heat they move to other parts.
• Cattarrhal symptoms from exposure to cold or from cold foods and drinks
• Better in warm climate
• Exception : Kali sulph ( desire : open air,agg : warmth )
• Kali ars : extreme sensitiveness to cold, complaints aggravated from cold,cold air, becoming cold, entering cold place.aversion to open air.
• Kali bich : patient sensitive to cold.there is lack of vital heat.wants to be wrapped up and covered warmly many of complaints are much better when he is perfectly warm in bed.
• Kali sulph: patient craves cold and fresh air, ameliorated in cold air.aggravation in warm room and becoming heated.

PARALYSIS

• Caust : Paralysis of single parts; vocal organs; tongue; eyelids; face; extremities; bladder; generally of right side; from exposure to cold wind or draft; disturbed functional activity of brain and spinal cord, from exhausting diseases or severe mental shock resulting in paralysis.
• Kali carb: Paralytic conditions which slowly and insidiously develop; attacks of vertigo in open air; finally paralysis of lower limbs, upper limbs also becoming invperiosteum
• Kali mur : Rheumatic paralysis.
• Kali Iod : Paralysis of any of the muscle dependent upon syphilitic periostitis.
• Kali silicatum: paralysis of optic nerve.paralysis of upper and lower limbs.

Spasms/convulsions

Kali Brom : Spasms : from fright, anger and other emotional causes, occurring in plethoric, nervous persons, or in women at time of menses ; during parturition ; from sexual excitement. Spasms from emotions, delusions, night terrors

• Neuroses involving brain, accompanied by convulsions.At intervals of seven, ten and fifteen days, is attacked, usually at 4 A. M.
• Epilepsy:At each menstrual period.Attacks at new moon, regularly at 2 A. M.

Causticum : indicated in epilepsy particularly petit Mal.

• Convulsions : with screams, gnashing of teeth and violent movements of limbs.
• Spasms after a fright.Chorea : when right side of body is affected.muscles of face, tongue,arm and leg are involved in the disorderly movements.words seems to be jerked out of mouth.

Kali carb : spasms co exist with spinal irritation in the cervical region. Starts when touched, especially the feet. Spasms, with full consciousness ; puerperal spasms seem to pass off with frequent eructation.
Kali chlor : twitchings occurs in the facial muscles

Kali iod: Chorea of rheumatic origin.

Kali phos:Spasmodic attacks ; face pale and sunken, body and limbs cold, violent palpitation.Neuralgia every day at same hour.Epileptic attacks ; winking with eyelids during attack ; twisting the head.

Kali bich : ropy saliva and mucous discharge from mouth during convulsions

Kali sulph: epileptiform convulsions.

Periodicity

• Kali bi: Neuralgia everyday at same hour.
• Kali brom:5p.m.:periodic colic in infants. Epilepsy at new moon; usually a day or two before menses.
• Kali ars: Worse every other day in the morning. Neuropathia.(Kent says, “The most marked periodicity every third day.” )
• Kali carb: one week before catamenia: feels very badly.

Pain

All  Kalis  have  a  characteristic  ‘prominent  stichting pain’.

Pain arise from a stasis in musculature, subcutaneous tissue.

<  lying on affected side, becoming cold, moving.

>Warmth

( Bry : stitching pain < movement,heat,>rest, pressure, lying on affected side)

• Kali sulph : pain ameliorated by motion,open air, aggravated by rest

Pain , stitching

Kali carb (3),Kali ars,Kali iod, Kali mur,Kali nit(2)

Externally:

Kali carb ,Kali phos,Kali sulph(3)

Kali bich,Kali nit,caust (2)

Kali ars,Kali iod (1)

Internally

Kali carb ,Kali sulph (3)

Kali bich,Kali iod,Kali nit, causticum (2)

Kali ars ,Kali mur (1)

Joints in & muscle in – Kali carb (3)

RHEUMATISM

• Kali bich : small joint affection,pain more on fingers and wrists.pain wanders.Rheumatism alternate with gastric complaints. (f)
• Kali carb : rheumatism worse at rest. Pain shoots into buttocks and thighs. Pain causes the patient to jerk, jerks the limb if the foot is touched.
• Kali iod : Knee rheumatism.knee joint swollen ,infiltration,skin above the inflamed joint spotted.pain gnawing, boring< night (f)
• Kali chlor : mercurial rheumatism with facial twitching
• Kali nit : rheumatism with usual stitch pains. Parts feel as if they growing large. Feet feel as if made of wood.
• Causticum : Rheumatic affections, with contraction of the flexors and stiffness of the joints; tension and shortening of muscles. Rheumatism of right deltoid.<cold,>warmth

SCIATICA

• Kali bich  :  left  sided sciatica  ;better, motion
• Kali carb:Tearing  pain  in  the  limbs  with  swelling  (sciatica )
• Kali iod:  sciatica,pain aggravated at night and lying on affected side.(f)
• Kali  mur :lightening  like  pain  extending from  the  lumbosacral region  to  the feet(sciatica)
• Causticum : Left sided sciatica.

DISCHARGES

• Potassium salts affects  markedly the  mucous membranes producing congestion, inflammation,  ulceration  and  increased  or  altered  mucous discharges.
• Kali sulph: cattarrhal affections with thick yellow or greenish pus,viscid or thin yellow watery discharges.
• Kali bich : stringy copious ropy mucous discharge,  yellow  mucous, which can  be  drawn  out  in  threads; plastic exudation .
• Kali sulph:thick yellow  or  greenish discharges
• Kali mur : Produces tough mucus which is  pure  white like  milk
• Kali iod,  kali  phos– Green yellow  and  bloody,  foul  smelling mucopus discharge
• Kali carb : foetid green mucous.

DROPSICAL TENDENCY

• Influence of heart or local tissue effect (alkali oedema)
• Oedema everywhere, particularly around the ankles and the eyelids, with a most typical symptom of swelling of the medial side of the upper eyelid. .
• Kali silicatum: dropsy of pleura.
• Kali ars : effusion of pleural sac
• Kali bich : oedematous uvula with throat complaints.
• Kali sulph : dropsical condition of extremities.
• Kali carb : dropsy all over the body.feet bloat and fingers puff,face look puffy and waxy.weak heart with feeble circulation ends in dropsy.liver maladies with ascites
• Kali nitricum : sudden dropsical swelling all over the body.

HEART AFFECTIONS

• Affections    of    the    heart, ranging    from   simple    palpitations  and    high    blood  pressure   to    hardening   of    the    arteries    and  (sudden)   heart   attacks.
• Caust:Stitches in cardiac region.palpitation of heart. Hypertrophy of heart from calisthenics in young girl.
• Kali carb:Tendency to fatty degeneration; as if suspended by a thread.
• Kali bi:Cold sensation about heart.Hypertrophy of heart; insufficiency of aortic valves.
• Kali iod.:Valvular defects after repeated endocarditis, especially affecting r. ventricle, which gradually becomes dilated.
• Kali mur:Pericarditis, second stage.
• Kali phos: Intermittent action of heart: with morbid, nervous sensitiveness; from violent emotions, grief, care.

ASTHMA

Potash salts are proverbially useful in oppressed breathing, asthma.

• Kali bich : bronchial tubes filled with tough tenecious exudation.asthma worse 2am.compelled to sit up in bed, bending forward.relief.
• Kali ars : respiration rapid, anxious and asthmatic at night,and aggravated 2-3 am.
• Kali brom : dyspnoea more from spasmodic asthma, breathlessness with headache.
• Kali carb : awakens at midnight with dyspnoea at 2-3 am. Compelled to sit bend forward head on the knees.
• Kali sulph: asthma aggravated in warm room, ameliorated in open air.rattling breathing.
• Kali chlor : cardiac asthma with sensation as if heart and lungs were constricted.
• Kali iod : oppression of breathing awakens at morning hour,5am
• Kali nit : Nervous asthma. Awakens at 3 am. So out of breath cannot drink but in sips

STOMACH AFFECTIONS

• All kalis  shows   an    all    gone   sensation   in    the    stomach   which   is    not relieved   by     Sour    vomiting   and  sour   eructations   are  marked  in kalis.
• Dypeptic symptoms.
• Kali ars : great anxiety about stomach.anxiety from stomach to spine,with palpitations.digestion poor, stomach easily disordered with distention from flatulence.empty sinking sensation and faintness.With most complaints there is intense nausea.
• Kali bich : digestion seems suspended.there is pressure as of a load after eating , foetid eructations, vomiting sour,bile, yellow and ropy mucous.faintness in stomach
• Kali sulph: great anxiety and distress in the stomach.easily disordered stomach.sensation of emptiness and faintness in stomach.fullness after eating ever so little (lyco)
• Kali silicatum: sensation of anxiety in stomach with aversion to food.abdomen distended after food with obstructed flatulence
• Kali carb : dyspepsia,great flatulence.distention of abdomen after eating.

MOUTH

Fetor from the mouth belongs to all : stomatitis, scurvy, decayed tooth etc.

• Kali bich : syphilitic affecions of mouh and fauces.
• Kali brom : infantile stomatitis with hot mouth mouth so numb the examining finger can touch the fauces, causing no contraction.
• Kali carb : numb feeling in mouth. Ulcers emit a smell as of old cheese.
• Kali chlor : sore mouth with spongy bleeding gums.
• Kali iod : gums ulcerate as after mercury. Saliva bloody, smells onion

DESIRES AND AVERSIONS

Kalis  desire  sweets  and aversion to meat .

• Desire sweet : Kali ars, Kali bich,Kali carb,Kali iod,Kali nit,Kali sulph,Kali phos, Kali silicicum (Aversion to sweet : causticum,Kali carb )
• Aversion meat : Causticum,Kali ars,Kali bich, Kali carb,Kali mur, Kali ni, Kali sulph,

Common general modalities

• Aggravation

Early morning , Cold,  Coition,  Touch, Exertion, motion lying on affected side  (ameliorated by motion & aggravated by rest : Kali sulph)

           Amelioration—- warmth

Time aggravation
Early morning (2-5 A.M)

SYNTHESIS REPERTORY RUBRICS

• MIND – EATING – after agg.: (1) KALI-BI. + (70)
  MIND MOROSE: (1) KALI-BI. + (416)
  HEAD – PAIN – periodical – day – every hour; at the same: (1) KALI-BI. + (9)
  EYE – INFLAMMATION Descemet’s membrane: (1) KALI-BI. + (6)
  EYE – INFLAMMATION Uvea: (1) KALI-BI. + (16)
  VISION – COMPLAINTS of vision – headache before: (1) KALI-BI. + (38)
  EAR – DISCHARGES chronic: (1) KALI-BI. + (24)
  EAR – DISCHARGES purulent: (1) KALI-BI. + (101)
  EAR – DISCHARGES yellow: (1) KALI-BI. + (33)
  EAR – ERUPTIONS excoriating: (1) KALI-BI. + (10)
  EAR – INFLAMMATION Media: (1) KALI-BI. + (124)
  EAR – PAIN – extending to – Neck stitching pain: (1) KALI-BI. + (2)
  EAR – SUPPURATION Middle ear: (1) KALI-BI. + (60)
  NOSE – CATARRH Postnasal: (1) KALI-BI. + (122)
  NOSE COMPLAINTS of nose: (1) KALI-BI. + (147)

MIND ANXIETY: (1) KALI-C. + (690)
MIND CAPRICIOUSNESS: (1) KALI-C. + (152)
MIND – COMPANY desire for: (1) KALI-C. + (189)
MIND CONFORMISM: (1) KALI-C. + (2)
MIND DOGMATIC: (1) KALI-C. + (17)
MIND DULLNESS: (1) KALI-C. + (511)
MIND – DUTY too much sense of duty: (1) KALI-C. + (37)
MIND – FEAR alone, of being: (1) KALI-C. + (138)
MIND – FEAR disease, of impending: (1) KALI-C. + (161)
MIND – FRIGHTENED EASILY trifles, at: (1) KALI-C. + (28)
MIND IRRITABILITY: (1) KALI-C. + (646)
MIND – PROPER too: (1) KALI-C. + (31)
MIND – SHRIEKING trifles, at: (1) KALI-C. + (1)
MIND STUPEFACTION: (1) KALI-C. + (316)
HEAD TURNING AND TWISTING SENSATION: (1) KALI-C. + (17)
EAR – DISCHARGES purulent: (1) KALI-C. + (95)
EAR MEATUS; COMPLAINTS OF: (1) KALI-C. + (111)
FACE – BLOATED Lids and eyebrows; between: (1) KALI-C. + (2)

• MIND TEXCITEMENT CAUST
• MIND REBELLIOUS – CAUST
• MIND SYMPATHETIC CAUSTI
• MIND – SUSPICIOUS
• MIND TACITURN =
• MIND ANXIETY – amnesia with- KALI BR
• MIND –DELUSIONS-god vengeance;he is object of god- KALI-BR
• MIND –EXCITEMENT-KALI BR
• MIND – INCONSTANCY –KALI BR
• MIND- MANIA- –KALI BR
• MIND- WEEPING suddenly – KALI BR
• FACE – ERUPPTION – acne- KALI BR
• FACE – ERUPPTION – COMEDONS- KALI BR

JOURNAL REVIEW

• A Case Of Acne Vulgaris Treated With Kali Bromatum 30c: An Evidence Based Case Report
• International Journal of Homoeopathic Sciences 2024; 8(1): 315-319
• Authors
• Thankam Ravi PG Scholar, Department of Organon of Medicine, Sarada Krishna Homoeopathic Medical College, Affiliated To The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai Tamil Nadu, India
• Manoj Narayan V Professor, Department of Organon of Medicine, Sarada Krishna Homoeopathic Medical College, Affiliated To The Tamil Nadu
• Ramya SS Associate Professor, Department of Homoeopathic Pharmacy, Sarada Krishna Homoeopathic Medical College,

ABSTRACT

• Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the pilosebaceous unit, typically following a prolonged course. It is commonly triggered during adolescence by Cutibacterium acnes. This common skin disorder that can present with both inflammatory and non- inflammatory lesions. The homoeopathic literature shows that acne vulgaris can be treated successfully with homoeopathic medicines with no adverse effect. A case of 14-year-old girl reported with acne vulgaris documented in Manjalumoodu, Rural health centre of Sarada Krishna Homoeopathic Medical College, Kulasekharam, Kanniya kumari district, Tamil Nadu, India. The patient was treated based on totality of symptom by repertorisation using RADAR software, and treatment of the case was over a period of 2 months. There was significant improvement with homoeopathic medicine Kali bromatum 30C, with complete disappearanceof the Acne Vulgaris without any recurrence.

Case Report

• A 14-year-old girl reported with extensive Acne Vulgaris in the Manjalumoodu Rural health centre of Sarada Krishna homoeo medical college, Kulasekharam, Kanniyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India. She presented with multiple acne on both the cheeks and forehead which troubledher over one year. The girl was otherwise healthy without any other skin changes or nail changes. There was no previous history of treatment for the presenting illness. In the family history mother was affected with allergy conditions and there is no history of acne vulgaris in the family. During case taking, her mother informed that she is excited easily and gets anger easily, mental exertions, fear of exams, stressful from studies, had desire for spicy food and junk foods, aversion for tea and milk, menarche at 12 years with irregular menstruation, her thermal reaction was chilly patient. The
• The following characteristics symptoms were considered for forming the totality of the case
• Excited
• Easily gets anger
• Stressful
• Mental exertion
• Fear of exams
• Desire: Spicy food
• Desire: Oily and junk food
• Aversion: Tea and milk
• Thermal: Chilly
• Multiple acnes on both the cheeks and forehead
• Pus and blood mixed discharge oozing from the eruptions
• Painful and very sensitive eruptions
• Itching around the affected area.
• Bluish discolouration around the affected area.
• Ailments from: exposure to sunlight, change of weather
• Repertorial totality
• Face-Eruptions-Acne-Menses –Irregular
• Face-Eruptions-Acne-Papules; With Indurated
• FaceEruptions-Acne-Pustular
• Face-Eruptions-Acne-Rosace
• Face-Eruptions-Acne-Menses -During-Agg

Repertorial result

• Kali brom-6/5
• Eugenia-6/3
• Psor-5/3
• Carb an-5/2
• Sulph-4/2
• Berb-3/3
• Thuj-3/3
• Calc-3/2
• Cic-3/2
• Kali iod-3/2

Analysis of the case

• After analysis of the case and repertorisation with RADAR software.
• Kali bromatum 30C single dose in 10 ml water ×10 drops× 3 hourly×1day was prescribed as similimum followed by placebo with improvement. There was a progressive reduction in the number of acnes and completely disappear within 2 months.
• Intervention First prescription:
• On 6 September 2023, Kali bromatum 30 C, (1 Dose in 10ml water ×10 drops× 3 hourly×1Day) × 2 weeks
• Follow up and Outcomes

JOURNAL- 2

• Management Of Diabetic Foot Ulcer By Homoeopathy-A Case Report
• ijacare.in ISSN: 2457-0443
• INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AYUSH CASE REPORTS (IJA-CARE)
• Partha Pratim Pal1, Satarupa Sadhukhan2*, Sudeshna Saha2
• 1Research Officer (H)/ S-1, 2Senior Research Fellow (H), Dr Anjali Chatterji Regional Research
• Institute (H), Kolkata, India

Keywords

• Diabetes mellitus, Diabetic Ulcer, Case study, Homoeopathy, Kali bichromicum
• Introduction
• Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major health issues and a global public health threat that has increased dramatically over the past two decades. Patients with DM are prone to multiple complications and one such is diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Diabetes increases the incidence of foot ulcers by 11-fold, which counts for more than 80% of all amputations.
• It is usually the result of poor glycaemic control, underlying neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, or poor foot care . DFUs begin with neuropathy and peripheral vascular disorders. In diabetes, feet are more susceptible to trauma and infections due to neuropathy and vascular disorders as compared to non-diabetic feet.
• The presence  of diabetic  retinopathy  (DR)  and  albuminuria (Alb)  significantly  increases  the  risk  of development  of  DFUs

Case Report

• A male diabetic patient of 44 years, Mr. K. B.visited to the OPD on 05.01.2021 with an ulcer above the medial malleolus in the left leg.
• He was diabetic for the last 10 years and was under allopathic anti-diabetic
• The ulcerwas there for 7 daysand had an appearance of a deep punched out lesion, with no pain but
• there was a burning and itching sensation near the margin of the ulcer with a yellowish Pustular discharge.
• On enquiry, among the generalities the patient had ageneral tendency to take cold, perspiration was profuse and occurs all over the body and there is postmeal heaviness,felt in the epigastrium, especially after lunch.
• On examination
• Size: 30mm x 30 mm
• Shape: circular
• Depth: 3 mm,
• Margin: well-defined
• Floor: slough, yellowish in colour, Discharge: purulent sticky discharge, no extension or involvement to bones or tendon.
• As per Wagner system [28], which is for assessment of ulcer depth, it is found to be grade-I (Figure 1). His built was mesomorphic, with good nutritional status.
• Repertorial analysis as per Kent’s method using HOMPATH software
• Kali bichromicum 200 was prescribed, 4 doses, once daily on every morning for consecutive 4 days, on 05.01.2021. Each dose consisted of 4 globules of no. 30.
• The patient was also advised to maintain wound hygiene and to follow diabetic diet and regime.
• Conclusion:
• Homoeopathic medicines may be useful in treating DFU. Observational trials and randomize controlled trials with sound methodology can be applied before making any firm recommendations.

JOURNAL -3

• A CASE REPORT ON BELL’S PALSY TREATED SUCCESSFULLY WITH CAUSTICUM IN 3 MONTHS
• 1Dr Pramod Singh*,
• Mohammed Salahuddin,
• Rohan Badgujar,
• Kanchan Rathore,
• Gita Rajput

Published in

• International Journal of AYUSH; 2021: 10 (1); 83-90

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

• Bell’s Palsy is sudden onset of complete or incomplete, isolated, unilateral lower motor neuron facial palsy presented with Asymmetrical face, Inability to close eye, Bell’s phenomenon, Dribbling of saliva from angle of mouth, Epiphora, Earache, Hyperacusis. Bell’s palsy usually resolves within 4-8 weeks, usually such cases do not require much of treatment.
• CASE REPORT: Patient history
• A male patient aged 16 years reported on 2 December 2019 to Dr MPK Homoeopathic Medical College Hospital & Research Centre (Under Homoeopathy University) Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, Outpatient Department with complaint of asymmetrical movement of left side of face, since he has experienced fear from a horror incidence 4 days back at night in cold weather when he was coming home. After that, next morning the movements of left side of face were lost with inability to close left eyelid, dropping of left angle of mouth, pain on left side of face and left ear (Figure 1). He had fear of ghost, fear of dogs. No specific history of any other illness in past or in family. Patient had directly approached for Homoeopathic treatment.

CLINICAL EXAMINATION

• On general examination, his appetite was satisfactory but chewing was difficult on left side.
• Patient was
• Left side of face asymmetrical, left eye partially remained open, when asked to smile the left angle of mouth was dropped, movements of left side of face were absent .
• Bell’s phenomenon positive.
• There was mild localised tenderness on left side of face and left ear was also painful.
• CASE ANALYSIS
• In this case, local signs and symptoms were considered for repertorisation such as one side paralysis of face, Numbness of left side of face, pain in left side of face and left ear, fear of ghost, paralysis of face from cold and fear. Repertorisation was done with help of Radar software.
• The first six medicines with higher score are as follows in their descending order: Causticum, Graphites, Platina, Aconite, Belladonna.

INTERVENTION

• Causticum 30C- medicated on 30 sized globules was dispensed single dose with Placebo dose three times a day for 1 week on basis of the totality of symptoms. The patient was advised physiotherapy along with it.
• FOLLOW-UP WITH PRESCRIPTION AND JUSTIFICATION:

BIBLIOGRAPHY

• Allen H.C.; Keynotes and characteristic with comparisons of some of the leading remedies of the Materia Medica.
• Sankaran R.; Structure: Experiences with the Mineral Kingdom; Vol.II
• Boericke W.; Pocket Manual of Homoeopathic Materia Medica with Repertory.
• Clarke J.H.; A Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica
• Farrington E.A.; Clinical Materia Medica.
• Hering C.; The Guiding Symptoms of our Materia Medica.
• Kent J.T.; Lectures on Materia Medica.
• Kent J.T.; Repertory of the Homoeopathic Materia Medica.
• Patil J.D.; Group Study in Homoeopathic Materia Medica.
• http://www.homeobook.com/pdf/kaligroup/
• https://www.homeobook.com/understanding-kali-personality/
• International Journal of AYUSH; 2021: 10 (1); 83-90
• International Journal of Homoeopathic Sciences 2024; 8(1): 315-319

Dr Rasina Farsath KP
PG Scholar, Homoeopathic Repertory & Case taking
Govt Homoeopathic Medical College Calicut
Email: raazna6797@gmail.com