{"id":8358,"date":"2012-05-02T00:06:49","date_gmt":"2012-05-02T00:06:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.homeobook.com\/?p=8358"},"modified":"2022-01-06T01:02:30","modified_gmt":"2022-01-06T01:02:30","slug":"diabetes-mellitus-inheritance-pattern-and-global-statistics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.homeobook.com\/diabetes-mellitus-inheritance-pattern-and-global-statistics\/","title":{"rendered":"Diabetes Mellitus – Inheritance Pattern and Global Statistics"},"content":{"rendered":"

Diabetes Mellitus –\u00a0 A Comprehensive View of Inheritance Pattern and Global Statistics
\n<\/strong>Dr.Mansi Arya
\nEmail : dr.mansiarya333@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine disorders affecting almost 6% of the world’s population. The number of diabetic patients will reach 300 million in 2025 (International Diabetes Federation, 2001).<\/p>\n

Global Burden of Disease <\/strong>
\nThe prevalence of diabetes for all age-groups worldwide was estimated to be 2.8% in 2000 and 4.4% in 2030. The total number of people with diabetes is projected to rise from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030. The greatest relative increases will occur in India , the Middle Eastern Crescent and sub-Saharan Africa .The greatest absolute increase in the number of people with diabetes will be in India. The 10 countries estimated to have the highest numbers of people with diabetes in 2000 and 2030 are listed in Table 3. The \u201ctop three\u201d countries are the same as those identified for 1995 (India, China, and U.S.).<\/p>\n

Ranking Countries <\/strong>People with Diabetes (in millions) in 2000 People with Diabetes(in millions) in 2030<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ranking<\/td>\nCountries<\/td>\nPeople with Diabetes (in millions) in 2000<\/td>\nPeople with Diabetes(in millions) in 2030<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1.<\/td>\nIndia<\/td>\n31.7<\/td>\n79.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2.<\/td>\nChina<\/td>\n20.8<\/td>\n42.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3.<\/td>\nUS<\/td>\n17.7<\/td>\n30.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4.<\/td>\nIndonesia<\/td>\n8.4<\/td>\n21.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5.<\/td>\nJapan<\/td>\n6.8<\/td>\n13.9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6.<\/td>\nPakistan<\/td>\n5.2<\/td>\n11.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7.<\/td>\nRussian fed.<\/td>\n4.6<\/td>\n11.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8.<\/td>\nBrazil<\/td>\n4.6<\/td>\n8.9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9.<\/td>\nItaly<\/td>\n4.3<\/td>\n7.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10.<\/td>\nBangladesh<\/td>\n3.2<\/td>\n6.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Statistics from WHO Global Burden of Disease project , carried out by WHO and Harvard University for the World Bank. …<\/p>\n

The projected increase in the number of diabetic patients will strain the capabilities of healthcare providers the world over. Thus it is of paramount importance to revisit the causes and epidemiology of diabetes mellitus.<\/p>\n

Causes <\/strong>
\nInsufficient production of insulin (either absolutely or relative to the body’s needs), production of defective insulin (which is uncommon), or the inability of cells to use insulin properly and efficiently leads to hyperglycemia and diabetes.<\/p>\n

Type 1 d<\/strong>iabetes is believed to be an autoimmune disease. The absolute lack of insulin, usually secondary to a destructive process affecting the insulin producing beta cells in the pancreas, is the main disorder in type 1 diabetes.
\nA predisposition to develop type 1 diabetes may run in families but much less so than for type 2.
\nEnvironmental factors, such as certain types of viral infections, may also contribute.
\nType 1 diabetes is most common in people of non-Hispanic white persons of Northern European descent, followed by African Americans and Hispanic Americans. It is relatively rare in those of Asian descent.
\nType 1 diabetes is slightly more common in men than in women.<\/p>\n

Type 2<\/strong> diabetes: The primary problem is the inability of cells to use insulin properly and efficiently mostly affecting the cells of muscle and fat tissues results in a condition known as “insulin resistance.”. There also is a steady decline of beta cells that adds to the process of elevated blood sugar. Initially production of insulin increases to overcome the level of resistance. But gradually production declines and insulin cannot be released as vigorously resulting in hyperglycemia
\nType 2 diabetes has multifactorial or polygenic pattern of inheritance , that means it is likely associated with the effects of multiple genes in combination with lifestyle and environmental factors .Thus believed to have a strong genetic link, it tends to run in families. Several genes are being studied that may be related to the cause of type 2 diabetes.<\/p>\n

Risk factors <\/strong>for developing type 2 diabetes include the following:-<\/p>\n